Which term is synonymous with "butcher" in Latin?

The term "lanius" is synonymous with "butcher" in Latin. This word specifically refers to someone who slaughters animals for meat, highlighting the role of the butcher in food preparation and commerce within Roman society. The verb "laniare," from which "lanius" is derived, means "to slaughter" or "to cut," which clarifies its connection to the profession of butchering.

In contrast, the other terms provided relate to different professions or roles in Roman life. "Praetor" refers to a magistrate with judicial authority, while "tonsor" signifies a barber, someone who cuts hair rather than meat. Lastly, "nomenclator" denotes a slave or freedman who is responsible for introducing and calling out names, particularly in social contexts, which does not align with the role of a butcher. Thus, "lanius" stands out as the accurate synonym for "butcher."