Which festival celebrated the founding of Rome on April 21?

The festival celebrated on April 21 in honor of the founding of Rome is known as Parilia. This ancient Roman festival was dedicated to the goddess Pales, who represented shepherds and livestock, and was also closely associated with the themes of purification and renewal. Parilia marked the anniversary of Rome's founding and was an occasion for celebrating the city's origins.

During the festival, various rituals were performed to purify both the city and the households, emphasizing the connection between the well-being of Rome and its agricultural practices. The holiday included various customs such as the decoration of homes, bonfires, and offers to the deities, exemplifying the importance of community and agriculture in Roman culture. The focus on both the founding of the city and the care for livestock during Parilia captures the essential elements of Roman identity and their relationship to the land.

Robigalia, Saturnalia, and Vinalia Rustica are important Roman festivals in their own right but are not directly linked to the founding of the city on April 21. Instead, they commemorate different deities and themes within Roman religious life.