What is the name of the heavy wool cloak worn in ancient Rome?

The heavy wool cloak worn in ancient Rome is known as the paenula. This garment was designed to provide warmth and protection from the elements, making it especially useful during inclement weather. The paenula was typically made from wool and was characterized by its hooded design, which offered additional coverage for the head and neck.

In contrast to other cloaks, such as the lacerna, which was usually lighter and more decorative, the paenula served a more utilitarian function. The toga praetexta and stola were distinct types of garments associated with specific social and ceremonial purposes; the toga praetexta was worn by magistrates and young boys, while the stola was a long dress worn by women, often indicating their status as married.

Understanding the distinct uses and styles of these garments enriches our comprehension of Roman daily life and social customs, highlighting the significance of clothing in marking status and function in ancient society.