What is a "caldarium" in the context of Roman baths?

A "caldarium" refers specifically to the hot bath room in ancient Roman baths. This area was characterized by its high temperatures, which were maintained using hot water and steam. In contrast to other sections of the baths, such as the "frigidarium," which was a cold bath room, the caldarium provided a space for bathers to relax and cleanse their bodies in heated water.

The architecture of a caldarium often included large, vaulted ceilings and benches for individuals to sit or recline while enjoying the warmth. The use of heated water not only served a therapeutic purpose but also played an important role in socializing among the bathers, as these baths were crucial social hubs in Roman society. It is this significance and functionality that solidifies the caldarium’s identity as the hot bath room in Roman baths.