What does 'thermopolium' refer to in Roman culture?

In Roman culture, a 'thermopolium' refers to a type of establishment that functioned similarly to a modern deli or fast-food restaurant. It was a place where hot food and drinks were sold, primarily catering to the urban population who often did not have kitchen facilities in their apartments. These establishments were particularly popular in cities like Pompeii and Herculaneum, where many inhabitants lived in multi-story buildings that lacked proper amenities. The thermopolium would display its offerings in large, often beautifully decorated counters, and was characterized by the presence of large storage vessels called dolia, set into the counter to keep food warm and ready for customers.

The ambiance and social interactions that took place in these venues made them important cultural and social hubs in Roman daily life. The popularity of thermopolia reflects the lifestyle of many Romans, who relied on these convenient food options in a bustling urban environment.