What does 'ientaculum' represent in Roman gastronomy?

'Ientaculum' in Roman gastronomy refers specifically to breakfast. This meal was typically a light meal compared to other more substantial meals throughout the day, such as 'cena,' which was the main dinner. Romans often had simple foods for 'ientaculum,' such as bread, cheese, and perhaps some fruits or leftovers.

Understanding the context of Roman meals is crucial, as the structure of their daily eating routines was quite distinct. The Roman day was generally divided into three main meal times: 'ientaculum' (breakfast), 'prandium' (lunch), and 'cena' (dinner), with dinner being the most important and elaborate meal. This hierarchy of meals helps clarify why 'ientaculum' is specifically identified as breakfast, separating it from the other options related to lunch or evening meals.