What do the terms 'carceres' refer to in the context of ancient games?

In the context of ancient games, 'carceres' specifically refers to the starting gates used in chariot racing. The term derives from the Latin word for 'prison' or 'enclosure,' as these gates would serve to enclose the chariots before the race began, ensuring that they would only be released at the proper start of the event. The design and function of the carceres were crucial to the regulation of races, providing a controlled and organized start for the competitors.

The other terms listed have distinct meanings: the Circus Maximus denotes the large venue where such races were held, turning posts are markers on the racing course indicating where chariots would make turns, and exercise grounds refer to areas designated for training or performance of athletic activities. Each of these plays a role in the context of ancient games but does not relate to the starting mechanism provided by the carceres.